Stone Pine (Pinus Pinea)

Pinus pinea, commonly known as the Stone Pine or Pinenut Tree
Is an evergreen conifer renowned for its distinctive umbrella-shaped canopy and the production of edible pine nuts. Native to the Mediterranean region, this striking tree can reach heights of 12–25 meters with a broad canopy spread of 8–10 meters at maturity. With a moderate growth rate, it features long, soft, deep-green needles and develops large woody cones that contain the highly prized pinenuts.

Features:

• Height: 12–25 meters (mature), 20–40cm (current size)

• Width: 8–10 meters when mature

• Growth Rate: Moderate (30–60 cm per year when young)

• Foliage: Evergreen, long slender needles in bundles of two

• Cones: Large, woody cones taking 2–3 years to mature

• Seeds: Edible pine nuts, valued for their rich, buttery flavor

Culinary Properties:
The edible seeds of the Stone Pine, known as pine nuts, are a gourmet delicacy used in traditional and modern cuisines worldwide. Trees typically begin producing cones after 6–12 years, rewarding patience with harvests that can last for centuries. Pine nuts are nutrient-dense, containing healthy fats, protein, and essential minerals. Their smooth, buttery taste makes them ideal for pesto, salads, baked goods, or as a roasted snack.

Simple Pesto Recipe with Pine Nuts:

1. Blend 2 cups fresh basil leaves, ½ cup roasted pine nuts, ½ cup grated Parmesan cheese, and 2 garlic cloves.

2. Slowly add ½ cup olive oil while blending until smooth.

3. Season with salt and pepper.

4. Use on pasta, bread, or grilled vegetables.

Nutritional Profile:

• Vitamins: Source of Vitamin E and K

• Minerals: High in magnesium, zinc, and iron

• Healthy Fats: Rich in monounsaturated fats that support heart health

• Protein: A plant-based protein source for energy 

Uses:

• Culinary Uses: A key ingredient in Mediterranean cuisine, especially in pesto, baked goods, and salads.

• Ornamental Value: Grown for its sculptural, umbrella-shaped form and evergreen beauty.

• Shade & Shelter: Wide canopy provides shade and can act as a natural windbreak.

• Wildlife: Cones and seeds provide food for birds and animals.

This unique and highly productive tree brings both elegance and utility to any New Zealand garden. With its Mediterranean charm and the promise of gourmet pine nuts, the Stone Pine is an exceptional choice for collectors of rare and useful trees.